All the components have been loosely secured to the board, but they need to be soldered for electrical conductivity. By drawing the board just over the top of a molten solder bath, capillary action draws the solder into all the joints in a single step.

The process on how the solder bath works is as follows. The solder bath has to be at a certain temperature and then the flux is added to the set level. The PCB passes over the flux which makes the solder stick to the circuit board. If this is not done correctly it could cause many problems such as solder bridges and dry joints. If the temperature is too high then sensitive components like chips could be blown. Once the process is complete the PCB is then moved onto the next stage of production. The machine needs to be maintained regularly and calibration procedures are followed every time the machine is used.
- Chris Lewis

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